Free Tax Bracket Calculator

Tax Year

Filing Status

Total Taxable Income

$

Deductions

$

Standard deduction data not available for this year. Enter your total deductions manually.

How It Works

The US uses a progressive tax system: different portions of your income are taxed at different rates. Your income is divided into brackets, each taxed at a specific rate. The standard deduction reduces your taxable income before brackets are applied. This calculator estimates federal income tax only - state and local taxes are not included.

Enter your income and select a year to calculate your tax bracket

Understanding Federal Income Tax Brackets

A Federal Income Tax Calculator enables you to quickly identify your marginal tax bracket and compute the total federal income tax owed on your earnings. This Income Tax Calculator Online also functions as an Effective Tax Rate Calculator, revealing the true percentage of your income that goes to the IRS. By entering your taxable income and filing details, you obtain a complete breakdown of how much you owe and what rate applies overall.

How Progressive Taxation Works

The US federal income tax system is progressive: different segments of your taxable income are subject to different tax rates. These segments, known as tax brackets, are structured so that higher income portions incur higher rates. The rate that applies to your last dollar earned is your marginal tax rate, while the average rate across all your income is your effective tax rate. Because brackets are marginal, earning more money only increases the rate on the additional income, not on everything you’ve already earned.

To prevent inflation from silently pushing taxpayers into higher brackets (a phenomenon called bracket creep), the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) adjusts the bracket thresholds annually. Since 2018, the adjustment has been based on the Chained Consumer Price Index (C‑CPI), which accounts for changes in consumer spending patterns and provides a more accurate inflation measure than the older CPI.

How to Use This Tax Bracket Calculator

Using this Marginal Tax Bracket Calculator takes only a few steps:

Select the tax year – Choose from 2021 through 2026. The calculator loads the correct IRS thresholds for that year.
Pick your filing status – Options include Single, Married Filing Jointly, Married Filing Separately, and Head of Household.
Enter your taxable income – This is your gross income minus any pre‑tax adjustments (such as retirement plan contributions).
Optional: add itemized deductions – If you enter deductions that exceed the standard deduction, those are used; otherwise, the standard deduction applies automatically.

After you provide these inputs, the tool displays the tax brackets that apply to your income, the total federal tax you owe, and your effective tax rate. The following tables list the official bracket thresholds for each year, which the calculator relies on.

Tax Brackets for 2026

The 2026 figures shown below are built into the calculator and can be verified manually.

Single – 2026

Rate	Taxable income range	Tax liability
10%	$0 –$ 12,400	10% of the total taxable income
12%	$12,401 –$ 50,400	$1,240 + 12% of the amount exceeding$ 12,400
22%	$50,401 –$ 105,700	$5,800 + 22% of the amount above$ 50,400
24%	$105,701 –$ 201,775	$17,966 + 24% of the excess over$ 105,700
32%	$201,776 –$ 256,525	$41,024 + 32% of the amount over$ 201,775
35%	$256,226 –$ 640,600	$58,448 + 35% of the excess above$ 256,225
37%	$640,601 or more	$192,980 + 37% of the amount over$ 640,600

Married Filing Jointly – 2026

Rate	Income bracket	Tax due
10%	$0 –$ 24,800	10% of taxable income
12%	$24,801 –$ 100,800	$2,480 + 12% of the amount over$ 24,800
22%	$100,801 –$ 211,400	$11,600 + 22% of the amount over$ 100,800
24%	$211,401 –$ 403,550	$35,932 + 24% of the excess over$ 211,400
32%	$403,551 –$ 512,450	$82,048 + 32% of the amount above$ 403,550
35%	$512,451 –$ 768,700	$116,896 + 35% of the excess above$ 512,450
37%	$768,701 or more	$206,584 + 37% of the amount over$ 768,700

Married Filing Separately – 2026

Rate	Income band	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 12,400	10% of taxable income
12%	$12,401 –$ 50,400	$1,240 + 12% of the amount over$ 12,400
22%	$50,401 –$ 105,700	$5,800 + 22% of the amount over$ 50,400
24%	$105,701 –$ 201,775	$17,966 + 24% of the excess over$ 105,700
32%	$201,776 –$ 256,225	$41,024 + 32% of the amount above$ 201,775
35%	$256,226 –$ 384,350	$58,448 + 35% of the excess above$ 256,225
37%	$384,351 or more	$103,292 + 37% of the amount above$ 384,351

Head of Household – 2026

Rate	Taxable income	Tax owed
10%	$0 –$ 17,700	10% of taxable income
12%	$17,701 –$ 67,450	$1,770 + 12% of the amount above$ 17,700
22%	$67,451 –$ 105,700	$7,740 + 22% of the amount over$ 67,450
24%	$105,701 –$ 201,775	$16,155 + 24% of the excess over$ 105,700
32%	$201,776 –$ 256,200	$39,213 + 32% of the amount above$ 201,775
35%	$256,201 –$ 640,600	$56,629 + 35% of the excess above$ 256,200
37%	$640,601 or more	$191,169 + 37% of the amount above$ 640,600

Tax Brackets for 2025

The 2025 brackets used in this calculator are listed below.

Single – 2025

Rate	Income range	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 11,925	10% of total taxable income
12%	$11,926 –$ 48,475	$1,193 + 12% of the amount exceeding$ 11,925
22%	$48,476 –$ 103,350	$5,579 + 22% of the amount over$ 48,475
24%	$103,351 –$ 197,300	$17,651 + 24% of the excess above$ 103,350
32%	$197,301 –$ 250,525	$40,199 + 32% of the amount over$ 197,300
35%	$250,526 –$ 626,350	$57,231 + 35% of the excess above$ 250,525
37%	$626,351 or more	$188,770 + 37% of the amount over$ 626,350

Married Filing Jointly – 2025

Rate	Income bracket	Tax due
10%	$0 –$ 23,850	10% of taxable income
12%	$23,851 –$ 96,950	$2,385 + 12% of the amount above$ 23,850
22%	$96,951 –$ 206,700	$11,157 + 22% of the amount over$ 96,950
24%	$206,701 –$ 394,600	$35,302 + 24% of the excess over$ 206,700
32%	$394,601 –$ 501,050	$80,398 + 32% of the amount over$ 394,600
35%	$501,051 –$ 751,600	$114,462 + 35% of the excess above$ 501,050
37%	$751,601 or more	$202,155 + 37% of the amount over$ 751,600

Married Filing Separately – 2025

Rate	Income band	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 11,925	10% of taxable income
12%	$11,926 –$ 48,475	$1,193 + 12% of the amount over$ 11,925
22%	$48,476 –$ 103,350	$5,579 + 22% of the amount above$ 48,475
24%	$103,351 –$ 197,300	$17,651 + 24% of the excess over$ 103,350
32%	$197,301 –$ 250,525	$40,199 + 32% of the amount over$ 197,300
35%	$250,526 –$ 375,800	$57,231 + 35% of the excess above$ 250,525
37%	$375,801 or more	$101,078 + 37% of the amount above$ 375,800

Head of Household – 2025

Rate	Income range	Tax liability
10%	$0 –$ 17,000	10% of taxable income
12%	$17,001 –$ 64,850	$1,700 + 12% of the amount exceeding$ 17,000
22%	$64,851 –$ 103,350	$7,442 + 22% of the amount over$ 64,850
24%	$103,351 –$ 197,300	$15,912 + 24% of the excess above$ 103,350
32%	$197,301 –$ 250,500	$38,460 + 32% of the amount over$ 197,300
35%	$250,501 –$ 626,350	$55,484 + 35% of the excess above$ 250,500
37%	$626,351 or more	$187,032 + 37% of the amount over$ 626,350

Tax Brackets for 2024

The 2024 bracket thresholds (also used in the calculator) are as follows.

Single – 2024

Rate	Income bracket	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 11,600	10% of taxable income
12%	$11,601 –$ 47,150	$1,160 + 12% of the amount above$ 11,600
22%	$47,151 –$ 100,525	$5,426 + 22% of the amount over$ 47,150
24%	$100,526 –$ 191,950	$17,169 + 24% of the excess over$ 100,525
32%	$191,951 –$ 243,725	$39,111 + 32% of the amount above$ 191,950
35%	$243,726 –$ 609,350	$55,679 + 35% of the excess above$ 243,725
37%	$609,351 or more	$183,648 + 37% of the amount over$ 609,350

Married Filing Jointly – 2024

Rate	Income range	Tax due
10%	$0 –$ 23,200	10% of taxable income
12%	$23,201 –$ 94,300	$2,320 + 12% of the amount over$ 23,200
22%	$94,301 –$ 201,050	$10,852 + 22% of the amount over$ 94,300
24%	$201,051 –$ 383,900	$34,337 + 24% of the excess over$ 201,050
32%	$383,901 –$ 487,450	$78,221 + 32% of the amount above$ 383,900
35%	$487,451 –$ 731,200	$111,357 + 35% of the excess above$ 487,450
37%	$731,201 or more	$196,670 + 37% of the amount over$ 731,200

Married Filing Separately – 2024

Rate	Income band	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 11,600	10% of taxable income
12%	$11,601 –$ 47,150	$1,160 + 12% of the amount over$ 11,600
22%	$47,151 –$ 100,525	$5,426 + 22% of the amount above$ 47,150
24%	$100,526 –$ 191,950	$17,169 + 24% of the excess over$ 100,525
32%	$191,951 –$ 243,725	$39,111 + 32% of the amount over$ 191,950
35%	$243,726 –$ 365,600	$55,679 + 35% of the excess above$ 243,725
37%	$365,601 or more	$98,335 + 37% of the amount over$ 365,600

Head of Household – 2024

Rate	Taxable income	Tax liability
10%	$0 –$ 16,550	10% of taxable income
12%	$16,551 –$ 63,100	$1,655 + 12% of the amount exceeding$ 16,550
22%	$63,101 –$ 100,500	$7,241 + 22% of the amount over$ 63,100
24%	$100,501 –$ 191,950	$15,469 + 24% of the excess above$ 100,500
32%	$191,951 –$ 243,700	$37,417 + 32% of the amount over$ 191,950
35%	$243,701 –$ 609,350	$53,977 + 35% of the excess over$ 243,700
37%	$609,351 or more	$181,954 + 37% of the amount over$ 609,350

Tax Brackets for 2023

The 2023 thresholds (found in the calculator) are presented below.

Single – 2023

Rate	Income bracket	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 11,000	10% of total taxable income
12%	$11,001 –$ 44,725	$1,100 + 12% of the amount over$ 11,000
22%	$44,726 –$ 95,375	$5,147 + 22% of the amount above$ 44,725
24%	$95,376 –$ 182,100	$16,290 + 24% of the excess over$ 95,375
32%	$182,101 –$ 231,250	$37,104 + 32% of the amount over$ 182,100
35%	$231,251 –$ 578,125	$52,832 + 35% of the excess above$ 231,250
37%	$578,126 or more	$174,238 + 37% of the amount over$ 578,125

Married Filing Jointly – 2023

Rate	Income range	Tax due
10%	$0 –$ 20,550	10% of taxable income
12%	$20,551 –$ 83,550	$2,055 + 12% of the amount over$ 20,550
22%	$83,551 –$ 178,150	$9,615 + 22% of the amount over$ 83,550
24%	$178,151 –$ 340,100	$30,427 + 24% of the excess over$ 178,150
32%	$340,101 –$ 431,900	$69,295 + 32% of the amount above$ 340,100
35%	$431,901 –$ 647,850	$98,671 + 35% of the excess above$ 431,900
37%	$647,851 or more	$174,253.50 + 37% of the amount over$ 647,850

Married Filing Separately – 2023

Rate	Income band	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 10,275	10% of taxable income
12%	$10,276 –$ 41,775	$1,027.50 + 12% of the amount over$ 10,275
22%	$41,776 –$ 89,075	$4,807.50 + 22% of the amount above$ 41,775
24%	$89,076 –$ 170,050	$15,213.50 + 24% of the excess over$ 89,075
32%	$170,051 –$ 215,950	$34,647.50 + 32% of the amount over$ 170,050
35%	$215,951 –$ 323,925	$49,335.50 + 35% of the excess above$ 215,950
37%	$323,926 or more	$87,126.75 + 37% of the amount over$ 323,925

Head of Household – 2023

Rate	Taxable income	Tax liability
10%	$0 –$ 14,650	10% of taxable income
12%	$14,651 –$ 55,900	$1,465 + 12% of the amount exceeding$ 14,650
22%	$55,901 –$ 89,050	$6,415 + 22% of the amount over$ 55,900
24%	$89,051 –$ 170,050	$13,708 + 24% of the excess above$ 89,050
32%	$170,051 –$ 215,950	$33,148 + 32% of the amount over$ 170,050
35%	$215,951 –$ 539,900	$47,836 + 35% of the excess above$ 215,950
37%	$539,901 or more	$161,218.50 + 37% of the amount over$ 539,900

Tax Brackets for 2022

The 2022 brackets (built into the calculator) are listed here.

Single – 2022

Rate	Income range	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 10,275	10% of taxable income
12%	$10,276 –$ 41,775	$1,027.50 + 12% of the amount over$ 10,275
22%	$41,776 –$ 89,075	$4,807.50 + 22% of the amount above$ 41,775
24%	$89,076 –$ 170,050	$15,213.50 + 24% of the excess over$ 89,075
32%	$170,051 –$ 215,950	$34,647.50 + 32% of the amount over$ 170,050
35%	$215,951 –$ 539,900	$49,335.50 + 35% of the excess above$ 215,950
37%	$539,901 or more	$162,718 + 37% of the amount over$ 539,900

Married Filing Jointly – 2022

Rate	Income bracket	Tax due
10%	$0 –$ 20,550	10% of taxable income
12%	$20,551 –$ 83,550	$2,055 + 12% of the amount over$ 20,550
22%	$83,551 –$ 178,150	$9,615 + 22% of the amount over$ 83,550
24%	$178,151 –$ 340,100	$30,427 + 24% of the excess over$ 178,150
32%	$340,101 –$ 431,900	$69,295 + 32% of the amount above$ 340,100
35%	$431,901 –$ 647,850	$98,671 + 35% of the excess above$ 431,900
37%	$647,851 or more	$174,253.50 + 37% of the amount over$ 647,850

Married Filing Separately – 2022

Rate	Income band	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 10,275	10% of taxable income
12%	$10,276 –$ 41,775	$1,027.50 + 12% of the amount over$ 10,275
22%	$41,776 –$ 89,075	$4,807.50 + 22% of the amount above$ 41,775
24%	$89,076 –$ 170,050	$15,213.50 + 24% of the excess over$ 89,075
32%	$170,051 –$ 215,950	$34,647.50 + 32% of the amount over$ 170,050
35%	$215,951 –$ 323,925	$49,335.50 + 35% of the excess above$ 215,950
37%	$323,926 or more	$87,126.75 + 37% of the amount over$ 323,925

Head of Household – 2022

Rate	Income range	Tax liability
10%	$0 –$ 14,650	10% of taxable income
12%	$14,651 –$ 55,900	$1,465 + 12% of the amount exceeding$ 14,650
22%	$55,901 –$ 89,050	$6,415 + 22% of the amount over$ 55,900
24%	$89,051 –$ 170,050	$13,708 + 24% of the excess above$ 89,050
32%	$170,051 –$ 215,950	$33,148 + 32% of the amount over$ 170,050
35%	$215,951 –$ 539,900	$47,836 + 35% of the excess above$ 215,950
37%	$539,901 or more	$161,218.50 + 37% of the amount over$ 539,900

Tax Brackets for 2021

The 2021 bracket figures (used by the calculator) appear below.

Single – 2021

Rate	Income bracket	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 9,950	10% of taxable income
12%	$9,951 –$ 40,525	$995 + 12% of the amount over$ 9,950
22%	$40,526 –$ 86,375	$4,664 + 22% of the amount above$ 40,525
24%	$86,376 –$ 164,925	$14,751 + 24% of the excess over$ 86,375
32%	$164,926 –$ 209,425	$33,603 + 32% of the amount over$ 164,925
35%	$209,426 –$ 523,600	$47,843 + 35% of the excess above$ 209,425
37%	$523,601 or more	$157,804.25 + 37% of the amount over$ 523,600

Married Filing Jointly – 2021

Rate	Income range	Tax due
10%	$0 –$ 19,900	10% of taxable income
12%	$19,901 –$ 81,050	$1,990 + 12% of the amount over$ 19,900
22%	$81,051 –$ 172,750	$9,328 + 22% of the amount over$ 81,050
24%	$172,751 –$ 329,850	$29,502 + 24% of the excess above$ 172,750
32%	$329,851 –$ 418,850	$67,206 + 32% of the amount over$ 329,850
35%	$418,851 –$ 628,300	$95,686 + 35% of the excess above$ 418,850
37%	$628,301 or more	$168,993.50 + 37% of the amount over$ 628,300

Married Filing Separately – 2021

Rate	Income band	Tax payable
10%	$0 –$ 9,950	10% of taxable income
12%	$9,951 –$ 40,525	$995 + 12% of the amount over$ 9,950
22%	$40,526 –$ 86,375	$4,664 + 22% of the amount above$ 40,525
24%	$86,376 –$ 164,925	$14,751 + 24% of the excess over$ 86,375
32%	$164,926 –$ 209,425	$33,603 + 32% of the amount over$ 164,925
35%	$209,426 –$ 314,150	$47,843 + 35% of the excess above$ 209,425
37%	$314,151 or more	$84,496.75 + 37% of the amount over$ 314,150

Head of Household – 2021

Rate	Income range	Tax liability
10%	$0 –$ 14,200	10% of taxable income
12%	$14,201 –$ 54,200	$1,420 + 12% of the amount exceeding$ 14,200
22%	$54,201 –$ 86,350	$6,220 + 22% of the amount over$ 54,200
24%	$86,351 –$ 164,900	$13,293 + 24% of the excess above$ 86,350
32%	$164,901 –$ 209,400	$32,145 + 32% of the amount over$ 164,900
35%	$209,401 –$ 523,600	$46,385 + 35% of the excess above$ 209,400
37%	$523,601 or more	$156,355 + 37% of the amount over$ 523,600

Standard Deduction Amounts

Claiming the standard deduction reduces your taxable income, lowering your overall tax bill. The calculator automatically applies the standard deduction unless you enter higher itemized deductions. Below are the standard deductions for recent tax years.

Standard Deductions – 2024

Filing status	Amount
Single	$14,600
Married Filing Jointly	$29,200
Married Filing Separately	$14,600
Head of Household	$21,900

Standard Deductions – 2023

Filing status	Amount
Single	$13,850
Married Filing Jointly	$27,700
Married Filing Separately	$13,850
Head of Household	$20,800

Standard Deductions – 2022

Filing status	Amount
Single	$12,950
Married Filing Jointly	$25,900
Married Filing Separately	$12,950
Head of Household	$19,400

Standard Deductions – 2021

Filing status	Amount
Single	$12,550
Married Filing Jointly	$25,100
Married Filing Separately	$12,550
Head of Household	$18,800

Important Disclaimer

This tax bracket calculator is designed for educational purposes and provides estimates based on the data you enter. While every effort is made to ensure the figures reflect the latest IRS brackets, the tool should not be used as a substitute for professional tax advice. Actual tax liability may vary depending on your specific financial situation, credits, and other factors. Always consult a qualified tax professional for precise calculations.

FAQ

1. What is the difference between my marginal tax rate and my effective tax rate?

Your marginal tax rate is the rate applied to the last dollar of taxable income you earn, which determines your highest bracket. Your effective tax rate is the average rate you actually pay, calculated by dividing total federal tax owed by total taxable income (then multiplying by 100%). For example, if you are a single filer in the 22% bracket but your effective rate comes out to 14%, that means only a portion of your income was taxed at higher rates.

2. How can I quickly calculate my federal income tax using this tool?

Select the tax year (2021–2026), choose your filing status (Single, Married Filing Jointly, Married Filing Separately, or Head of Household), and enter your taxable income. Optionally, add your itemized deductions; if they are less than the standard deduction, the standard amount is used. The calculator then shows the brackets that apply, the total tax, and your effective rate.

3. Why do tax brackets change from year to year?

The IRS adjusts brackets annually to account for inflation. Since 2018, the Chained Consumer Price Index (C‑CPI) has been used to update the income thresholds. This prevents bracket creep, where inflation alone would push taxpayers into higher brackets even if their real income hasn't increased.

4. What is the standard deduction for a married couple filing jointly in 2024?

For married couples filing jointly in 2024, the standard deduction is $29,200. This amount is automatically applied by the calculator if the total itemized deductions are lower.

5. Can I use this federal income tax calculator for years before 2021 or after 2026?

No, the current version of the tool covers only tax years 2021 through 2026. For earlier or later years, you would need to refer to the official IRS tables or check for an updated version of the calculator.

How to Use

Select the tax year and your filing status (Single, Married Filing Jointly, etc.).
Enter your total taxable income and any deductions. If deductions are less than the standard deduction, the standard deduction is applied automatically.
View your estimated federal income tax, effective tax rate, marginal bracket, and a detailed bracket-by-bracket breakdown.